World Stroke Day 2025: A Complete Guide from Prevention to Recovery

World Stroke Day 2025: A Complete Guide from Prevention to Recovery

• B (Balance) – Balance Disorder: Sudden loss of balance or coordination, unsteady walking, and increased risk of falling.

• E (Eyes) – Vision Abnormalities: Sudden changes in vision, such as blurred vision, double vision, or even a sudden decrease in vision in one or both eyes.

• F (Face) – Facial Asymmetry: Observe the face; if there is sudden facial drooping or numbness on one side, and the facial expressions are inconsistent when attempting to smile, high vigilance is required.

• A (Arms) – Arm Weakness: When raising both arms, if one arm suddenly becomes weak or numb and cannot maintain the raised position, it may be a sign of stroke.

• S (Speech) – Speech Difficulty: Sudden slurred speech, difficulty expressing oneself, inability to understand others' words, or logical confusion even when able to speak.

• T (Time) – Seek Medical Help Immediately: Once any of the above symptoms are detected, do not wait for the symptoms to subside on their own. Immediately call the emergency number (120 in China) and record the onset time to provide reference for doctors' treatment.

• Don't drag the patient: Keep the patient in the most comfortable position (e.g., side-lying to prevent vomit from blocking the respiratory tract). Avoid forced moving or dragging, especially for patients with hemorrhagic stroke, as this may lead to the expansion of hematomas.

• Don't feed or give water to the patient: Never give the patient any food or water, even if they are thirsty. This is to prevent aspiration caused by vomiting, which may lead to aspiration pneumonia or acute respiratory obstruction.

• Don't miss key information: Accurately record the patient's onset time and symptom changes, such as "when facial drooping appeared" or "whether there was confusion". After arriving at the hospital, inform the doctor in detail to help them quickly assess the condition and formulate a treatment plan.

• Reasonable Diet: Maintain a light diet with low salt, low oil, and low sugar. Eat more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and high-quality proteins (e.g., fish, poultry, and soy products). Avoid excessive intake of animal offal and fried foods.

• Scientific Exercise: Integrate exercise into daily life. For adults, it is recommended to engage in ≥150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise (e.g., brisk walking, jogging, cycling) or ≥75 minutes of high-intensity exercise (e.g., swimming, rope skipping) per week. The exercise intensity should vary from person to person to avoid overexertion.

• Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol: Smoking damages the vascular endothelium and accelerates atherosclerosis; excessive drinking may lead to increased blood pressure and abnormal blood lipids. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake (no more than 25 grams of alcohol per day for men and no more than 15 grams for women) can effectively protect blood vessels.

• Emotional Stability and Sufficient Sleep: Avoid long-term anxiety and tension, and maintain emotional stability. Ensure 7-8 hours of sufficient sleep every day. Studies have shown that both short sleep duration (<6 hours) and long sleep duration (>9 hours) increase the risk of stroke.

• Control Weight, Blood Pressure, Blood Lipids, and Blood Glucose: Control the body mass index (BMI) below 28 to reduce the risk of hypertension and diabetes caused by obesity. Hypertensive patients need to maintain their blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg, take antihypertensive drugs as prescribed by doctors, and monitor blood pressure daily. Control blood lipids through diet, exercise, or medication, and reduce the intake of egg yolks and animal offal. For patients with diabetes and those in the pre-diabetic stage, comprehensive measures such as diet, exercise, and medication should be taken to control blood glucose as recommended by doctors (fasting blood glucose <7 mmol/L, postprandial blood glucose <10 mmol/L, and glycated hemoglobin <7%) to delay vascular lesions.

• Air Wave Pressure Circulation Therapy Device: It uses program-controlled inflatable airbags to wrap the body or limbs, and performs circular compression according to the set treatment mode to form a pressure gradient. This promotes venous blood and lymphatic return (or arterial blood perfusion to the distal end), improves blood circulation, eliminates limb edema, and prevents complications such as thrombosis and muscle atrophy in the early stage.

• Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulator: It uses low-frequency pulsed current of a certain intensity to stimulate motor nerves or muscles, causing rhythmic muscle contraction, simulating normal voluntary movement, and helping to restore muscle strength and motor function. It is especially suitable for patients with limb weakness and muscle atrophy.

• Upper and Lower Limb Active-Passive Rehabilitation Trainer: With the help of a central processing unit and a biomechanical monitoring and feedback system, it intelligently controls the servo motor. It supports patients in a sitting position (wheelchair) to perform passive training (device-driven limb movement), assisted training (patient's active effort + device assistance), active resistance training (patient's movement against resistance), and isokinetic training. This enhances limb muscle strength and joint range of motion, and improves motor coordination.